In wine, tannin refers to a group of organic compounds that are naturally present in grape skins, seeds and stems. Tannins are also found in wood barrels used for aging wine. They contribute to the taste, texture, and aging potential of the wine.
Tannins are responsible for the dry and astringent sensation you may feel in your mouth when tasting certain wines. They create a slight bitterness and a drying effect on the palate. Tannins interact with proteins in saliva, causing them to bind together and giving a puckering or mouth-drying sensation.
Tannins play a crucial role in the structure and aging potential of red wines, as they provide firmness, structure, and longevity. They also help red wines pair well with rich and fatty foods by cutting through the richness and cleansing the palate.
The tannin content in wine can vary depending on factors such as grape variety, winemaking techniques, and aging processes. Wines with higher tannin content are generally associated with a fuller body and bolder flavors, while wines with lower tannins tend to be smoother and less astringent.
It’s important to note that tannins are not exclusive to red wines. White wines can also have tannins, although they are typically present in smaller amounts. Additionally, tannins are more commonly associated with dry wines rather than sweet wines.
Overall, tannins contribute to the complexity and structure of the wine, playing a significant role in its overall flavor profile.
Data table of various wines and their tannin content
| Wine Type | Tannin Content | Alcohol Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Cabernet Sauvignon | High | 13.5% – 15.5% |
| Merlot | Medium-High | 13% – 14.5% |
| Pinot Noir | Low-Medium | 12.5% – 14% |
| Syrah / Shiraz | High | 13.5% – 15% |
| Zinfandel | Medium-High | 13% – 15% |
| Malbec | Medium-High | 13.5% – 15% |
| Chardonnay | Low | 12% – 14% |
| Sauvignon Blanc | Low | 11.5% – 13.5% |
| Riesling | Low | 10.5% – 12.5% |
| Moscato | Low | 5.5% – 7.5% |
| Sangiovese | Medium | 12.5% – 14% |
| Tempranillo | Medium | 12.5% – 14% |
| Nebbiolo | Medium-High | 13% – 14.5% |
| Cabernet Franc | Medium-High | 12.5% – 14% |
| Grenache | Medium | 13% – 14.5% |
| Petite Sirah | High | 13.5% – 15% |
| Pinot Grigio / Pinot Gris | Low | 11.5% – 13.5% |
| Gewürztraminer | Low | 11.5% – 13.5% |
| Chenin Blanc | Low | 11.5% – 13.5% |
| Viognier | Low | 12% – 14% |
| Syrah | High | 13.5% – 15% |
| Barbera | Medium | 12.5% – 14% |
| Carménère | Medium-High | 13% – 14.5% |
| Gamay | Low-Medium | 11.5% – 13.5% |
| Grüner Veltliner | Low | 11.5% – 13.5% |
| Albariño | Low | 11.5% – 13.5% |
Please keep in mind that these ranges are approximate and can vary depending on the specific winemaker and vintage. It’s always a good idea to check the label or consult with a knowledgeable wine professional for the most accurate and up-to-date information on a particular wine’s characteristics.